1. Education
Baseball Players and Opportunity Costs
[Part 2: Baseball Players and Opportunity Costs - The Major League Roster]
 More of this Feature
• Part 1: Baseball Players and Opportunity Costs - Money
• Part 2: Baseball Players and Opportunity Costs - The Major League Roster
• Part 3: Baseball Players and Opportunity Costs - Vote and Have Your Say
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• Top 8 Baseball Economics Books
• Baseball Economics Links
• Baseball - Leaky Stadiums
• Baseball - The Winner's Curse
 

The Major League Roster

The second important resource a team has is the 25 spots on their major league roster. By Major League Baseball rules a team can only carry 25 players at one time. If a team is at this limit (which teams almost always are) and they wish to add a player to the roster, they must first take a player off. So the cost to the Blue Jays of signing these 6 players is not simply the money they have to pay for their services, but it is also in the roster spots the players take up.

If the Jays had not signed these 6 players, they would have had to find other players to take up these six roster spots. One of those players probably would have been Jose Cruz. The other 5 would have probably been players from the minor leagues with little or no major league experience. First year players typically make the major league minimum salary of $300,000. If the Jays had kept Cruz and called up 5 minor league players, the six roster spots would look as follows:

Player Salary
Cruz,
Jose
$5,000,000
Minor
Leaguer1
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer2
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer3
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer4
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer5
$ 300,000
TOTAL$6,500,000

This option is now directly comparable to what the Jays did over the winter, as both take up 6 roster spots and cost $6.5 million:

Option A

Player Salary
Bordick,
Mike
$1,000,000
Catalanotto,
Frank
$2,200,000
Creek,
Doug
$ 700,000
Myers,
Greg
$1,000,000
Sturtze,
Tanyon
$1,000,000
Tam,
Jeff
$ 600,000
TOTAL$6,500,000

Option B

Player Salary
Cruz,
Jose
$5,000,000
Minor
Leaguer1
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer2
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer3
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer4
$ 300,000
Minor
Leaguer5
$ 300,000
TOTAL$6,500,000

One of the most commonly used principles in economics is opportunity cost. The opportunity cost of something is simply the highest valued alternative that must be foregone when a choice is made. Here I've presented two choices the Jays could have made. Of course the Blue Jays had other alternatives: they could have signed 6 minor leaguers and kept the leftover money, or signed a different set of players. But it is likely the Jays felt that these two options were their best choices. So the opportunity cost of choosing the A set of players is the foregone opportunity to sign the B set of players. Similarly, the opportunity cost of the set of players B is simply the set of A players.

So we see that the Jays did not give up Jose Cruz for "nothing". Instead they gave up Jose Cruz and the opportunity to play 5 minor league players and received the opportunity to play Bordick, Catalanotto, Creek, Myers, Sturtze, and Tam instead. So when a team decides not to retain the services of the player, they always receive two things in return: the money it would have taken to retain the player, and the spot on the 25 man roster that the player would have taken. If we could just educate the media on the concept of opportunity cost, sports fans would be given more information to understand the choices that sports teams make.

Next page > Part 3: Vote and Have Your Say > Page 1, 2, 3.

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